Glossary of crop science terms crops crop science society. The below definitions should aid in the understanding of the content of these. Principles of plant genetics and breeding, 2nd edition wiley. Genome the monoploid set of chromosomes which, in a homozygous plant, occurs in a gamete, and consists of all the genes. An excellent educational tool that will save you time and effort, this dictionary brings together into a single source the meaning and origin of terms from the fields of classical genetics, molecular genetics, mutagenesis, population genetics, statistics, plant biotechnology, evolutionary genetics, plant breeding, and plant biotechnology. Aims and objectives of plant breeding plant breeding is an art and science, which tells us ways and means to change the genetic architecture of plants so as to attain a particular objective. Sst506 seed legislaion and certification assignment on glossary of plant breeding submitted by.
Biometrical techniques in plant breeding pdf download. Pdf statistical genetics and plant breeding download. The elucidation of dna as the genetic material by watson, crick and wilkins, and the. Plant breeding and genetics encyclopedia of life support systems. Glossary bibliography biographical sketches summary.
The book glossary of plant breeding has been written keeping in view of the requirements of undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers and teachers pursuing their career in plant. In recognition of the current state of methods and their application, this text introduces both classical and molecular tools for. Gene, allele and locusloci, dominant and recessive alleles, genotype and phenotype, homozygous and heterozygous, hybridization, monohybrid and dihybrid, f1 and. Breeding system a particular mating system that involves a certain type or types of plant material, together with the necessary. May 20 articles posted on this website and elsewhere often contain terms that are specific to plant breeding and genetics. This is done by crossing the line having a few desirable genes donor parent line to an elite line recurrent parent line, and crossing offspring with the desired genes to the recurrent parent. An allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive.
Robinson encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 10. For more information, see the backcross breeding article. Modeling epigenetic variations with a approach could help to assess and quantify their impacts on plant performances and then to guide the decision to either induce or repress them. Let us make an indepth study of the definition, objectives and historical background of plant breeding. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. The dictionary was divided into three distinct sections for easy reference. Additional crop terminology information common names pdf scientific names and use pdf selected bibliography. The crossing of an f1 hybrid or heterozygote with one of its parents. Pdf the book glossary of plant breeding has been written keeping in view of the requirements of undergraduate and postgraduate students. It has been framed to provide a classical as well as modern concepts of molecular genetics and biotechnology and their applications to plant. Since the gene for albinism is recessive, it only shows up in the phenotype of homozygous recessive people.
Obviously, a good geneticist studies all aspects of genetics equally. Principles of plant breeding icar ecourse pdf book agrimoon. Articles posted on this website and elsewhere often contain terms that are specific to plant breeding and genetics. Plant and animal breeding are sometimes described as applied genetics.
This modeling feedback central to modeldriven breeding strategies. The original text was adapted from the amateur plant breeders handbook by dr. We believe there is just as much important work to be done in training farmers to breed, maintain, and grow highquality seed crops adapted to the needs of lowinput, agro. Crop modelers are urged to take epigenetic variations into account to. As with any page in the open breeding wiki, these glossary listings can be edited by anyone. Plant breeding and genetics plant breeding academy. Most of the definitions are fairly general and would apply to most organisms and applications, but a few are forest genetics specific. Plant breeding and genetics university of california, davis. Providing ideas for the breeding of more hardy varieties. Topics such as biotechnology in plant breeding, intellectual property, risks, emerging concepts decentralized breeding, organic breeding, and more are addressed in the new, updated edition of this text. This is a brief glossary that i use in my forest genetics classes.
Glossary of biotechnology and genetic engineering fao. Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable. Plant breeding and genetics encyclopedia of life support. Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics anther. It aims at improving the genetic makeup of the crop plants.
Pdf principles of plant genetics and breeding mateo. Pdf statistical genetics and plant breeding download full. Given the focus and investment devoted to technological innovation in crop improvement, it is vital that maximal value is derived. Principles of plant genetics and breeding wiley online books. Dictionary of plant genetics and molecular biology.
Breeding cycle breeding rotation the shortest period between successive generations from germination of a seed to reproduction of the progeny. It is geared towards scientists or upperlevel students with a good background in biology and an understanding of basic genetics. A glossary of genetic and cytogenetics, classical and molecular. In modifying amd developing postgraduate course in genetics and plant breeding, emphasis has been given to keep a balance among major components like basic genetics, cytogenetics, plant breeding, quantitative genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology. A breeding method used to move one or a few desirable genes from an agronomically poor line to an elite line. From abaxial to zymogram, the third edition of dictionary of plant breeding contains clear and useful definitions of the terms associated with plant breeding and related scientifictechnological disciplines. The application of statistics and population genetics to plant breeding was accomplished through the work of scientists such as nikolai vavilov and j. Oswalt, and faujdar singh international crops rasearch institute for the semi arid tropica patancheru, andhra pradesh 502 324, india 1991 skill development. Book january 1998 with 2,443 reads how we measure reads a read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the. Transgenic breeding traditional breeding transgenic plants novel proteins may be introduced from llltd l t i hihl novel proteins may be closelyre lated plant species. Improved varieties are developed through plant breeding. However, with the advent of biotechnology, breeders are increasingly incorporating molecular tools in their breeding work. This list of terms is both a useful reference, and a fun way of browsing through the terminology in order to learn more about plant species, plant breeding and agricultural techniques.
Introduction to genetics ppt introduction to the principles of genetics ppt concept of genetics, gregor johann mendel the father of genetics, rediscovery of mendelian concepts, modern branches of genetics, terminologies in genetics. Miglani and others published dictionary of plant genetics and molecular biology find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. In the dictionary of plant genetics and molecular biology, more than 3,500 technical terms from the fields of plant genetics and molecular biology are defined for students, teachers, and researchers in universities, institutes, and agricultural research stations. Viii conventional plant breeding for higher yields and pest resistance roberto garciaespinosa, raoul a. Principles of plant genetics and breeding, 2 nd edition introduces both classical and molecular tools for plant breeding. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. This learning module is intended as a selftutorial or a refresher, or to provide teaching materials to be used in a course.
Until recently, plant breeders have depended primarily on classical tools to develop new and improved products for producers and consumers. Plant breeding is a science based on principles of genetics and cytogenetic. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss despite advances in technologies, plant breeding is still based on mendels original concept of inheritance which is. Plant breeding and genetics 1 italicized terms except genusspecies names and published material titles are defined in the glossary. Conventional plant breeding for higher yields and pest resistance. Pansuriya associate research scientist wheat research station jau, junagadh. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science. The different, alternative forms of a gene that can exist at a single locus see dominance.
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